From Biafra Herald
Sunday, 4 July 2021
Unknown Gunmen Saga: Strategy Floated To Dent IPOB's Image
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Nigerian Media: Chasing Rats While The House Is Burning!
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Monday, 28 June 2021
Implications Of The Joint Military Attacks On South-East Region
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Wednesday, 23 June 2021
Biafra: Better Landlocked Than Brainlocked
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Biafra: Better Landlocked Than Brainlocked
Many things have really been said about how Biafrans are landlocked. And to some, it is a enough reason for Biafran to remain in Nigeria as entrapped slaves, that will never consider the option of freedom. Interestingly, a landlocked country is that sovereign entity that lacks access to the sea. It is encircled by massive land and has no direct ocean connection. As a result of being cut off from the sea, such is usually unable to participate in international open ocean activities. With all these, people feel justified when they argue that Biafra cannot survive as a separate entity outside Nigeria.
The questions that are beckoning for an answers therefore are: Does being landlocked prevent economic development? Does having access to the sea empower countries or fasten their developments? Of course, if the answer to the second question is yes, Nigeria would not have remained as backward since she is not landlocked. There are forty four (44) generally acknowledged landlocked countries and five (5) partially recognized ones in the world today.
READ HERE Igboland is not landlocked
Resultantly, 475.8 million people or 6.9% of the world's population, live in countries with no access to sea waters. These countries account for 11.4 percent of the total land area on the planet.
Kazakhstan is the largest landlocked country at 2,724,900 square kilometers, while Vatican City is the smallest landlocked state at 0.44 square kilometers. Ethiopia, with 101.8 million people, is the world's most populous landlocked country, on the opposite of what Vatican City is, with 820 people.
There are 16 landlocked countries in Europe and Africa respectively. 15 landlocked countries in Asia and just two landlocked countries in America. Azerbaijan, Bolivia, Central African Republic, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Laos, Paraguay, Rwanda, Uganda, and West Bank amongst these 49 landlocked countries of the world, they even have Naval forces. They guard vast inland water bodies such as seas, lakes, rivers, and other endorheic basins with watercraft and naval personnel.
Yet, some deluded folks present "being landlocked" as a reason for Biafra to remain entrapped within Nigeria.
Isolation and seclusion from international seas even come in various degrees.
Three countries are landlocked by a single nation on the present political world map: Vatican City and San Marino (both encircled by Italy) and Lesotho (surrounded by South Africa). In the next level of isolation and semi-enclaved countries, seven countries are surrounded by two neighbors which are Andorra (between France and Spain), Bhutan (between China and India), Eswatini (between Mozambique and South Africa), Liechtenstein (one of the double-landlocked countries, between Austria and Switzerland), Moldova (between Romania and Ukraine), Mongolia (between China and Russia), Nepal (between China and India). Three countries in this group have restricted international recognition. They are: the West Bank (between Israel and Jordan), Transnistria (between Moldova and Ukraine) and South Ossetia (between Georgia and Russia).
Finally, there are countries that are double-landlocked; meaning that they are only bordered by landlocked states such as Liechtenstein (surrounded by Austria and Switzerland) and Uzbekistan (surrounded by Austria and Switzerland), Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan).
Austria, Serbia and Zambia are the landlocked countries with some of their neighbors each, having with eight countries on their borders. Therefore, to many bigoted Nigerians who unfortunately think that being landlocked is a curse, I will not fail to let such know that it still comes with a few other advantages.
Landlocked countries are frequently spared the worst effects of oceanic weather, such as tsunamis and storms. They also have the ability to monitor all commodities and people entering and exiting the country via land borders. And equally, they are protected against maritime incursions.
Biafrans are too sophisticated to be handled or intimidated. Too educated to be cowed, especially in a country like Nigeria. They are too blessed to be under Fulani Janjaweedism. We change the environment and the cause of nature to our advantage. Every difficulty bows before us because we are a people blessed by God above others.
Bless us and be blessed, curse us and go under. Remember, no red sea can hinder the Israelites. Every road block is to our advantage and advancement. We know whom we are, we transcend heights, we reach the farthest, we race the fastest, we grab the swiftest, we survive the harshest, we endure the most painful, we laugh the loudest and we are builders.
The difference is clear! Nigeria is brainlocked while Biafra is landlocked. Northern Nigeria is brainlocked while Biafra is landlocked. When you are landlocked, you can still do wonders in your world but when you are brainlocked, you are similar to a dead person.
Whether landlocked or not, we are not bothered! Freedom is all we need and freedom we must surely get.
Written by Chidiebere Obulose
Edited by Ogah C.S. Maduabuchi
For Family Writers Press International
Biafra: Igboland is not landlocked
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Biafra: Igboland is not landlocked
Oguta Lake |
By Aloy Ejimakor
IT’s often said that a lie told so many times, if unchallenged, may – in course of time – begin to pass for the truth. One of such is the terrible lie, institutionally purveyed since the end of the Civil War, to the effect that Igboland is landlocked or has no access to the sea. The purpose of this essay, therefore, is to debunk this lie with some simple historical and topographical evidence that are even in plain view, if you care to dig or do some basic physical explorations of your own.
Suffice it to say that it is a profound tragedy that entire generations of the immediate post-war Igbos never bothered to check but seemingly accepted this brazen institutional falsehood, largely intended to taunt the Igbo and put them down. A few that knew it to be false just didn’t care anymore. And that history was constructively banned since the end of the Civil War made it worse, plus the fact that most people don’t take physical geography (or even adventure) that serious anymore, otherwise they would have discovered that Abia, Imo and Anambra states have varying short-distance paths to the Atlantic through Imo, Azumiri and Niger rivers.
It’s not really rocket science, as you can easily confirm this if you know how to read (or plot) Google Earth; or you conquer your fear of swamp snakes and walk through these areas on foot. There are also many other hardly explored waterways and slithering tributaries, including the remote reaches of Oguta Lake and Urashi River at Oseakwa (Ihiala) that meandered through Igbo-delta wetlands to the southeastern ends of the Atlantic waterfront.
These rivers have varying lengths of short navigational paths to the Atlantic, and in some cases, are far shorter nautically (and even on footpath) than the Port Harcourt, Calabar and Ibaka seaports are to their side of the Atlantic. Many of these pathways, including particularly the ones from the outer reaches of Imo and Azumiri rivers terminate at the Atlantic at no more than 15 to 30 nautical miles to the beachhead. To put it in lay language, one nautical mile equals 1.8 kilometres.
Thus, the contiguity of Southeast (not even the greater Igboland) to the Atlantic is nautically less than the Atlantic is to the seaports in Calabar, Onne, Ibaka, Lagos and Port Harcourt. If you discount the territories unfairly excised from Igboland during state creations and the damnable boundary adjustments, it will be far less. To be sure, Ikwerre land or Igweocha which bears the greater portions of the Port Harcourt seaport was dredged up to 50 miles to the Atlantic front through the Bonny River.
Onne seaport was dredged up to 60 miles to the Atlantic and Calabar seaport was dredged some 45 nautical miles to the Atlantic. Ibaka seaport is about 30 nautical miles to the Atlantic and the Lagos seaports dredged up to about 50 nautical miles to the Atlantic. Compare all these to Obuaku in Abia State, which is only 25 nautical miles to the Atlantic from the confluence of Imo and Azumiri rivers, of which Azumiri, on its separate merits, lies not more than 30 nautical miles to the Atlantic beachfront.
The less obvious one is the little-known Oseakwa (Urashi) in Ihiala (Anambra State) which is mere 18 nauticals to the Atlantic, all with its 65 feet of natural depth, unarguably comparable to no other river in Nigeria. Additionally, what is geopolitically known as Igboland today is far smaller than what it was and legally supposed to be.
As far back as 1856, Baikie – one of the earliest and credible geographers of ancient Nigeria, had this to say: “Igbo homeland, extends east and west, from the Old Kalabar river to the banks of the Kwora, Niger River, and possesses also some territory at Aboh, an Igbo clan, to the west-ward of the latter stream. On the north, it borders on Igara, Igala and A’kpoto, and it is separated from the sea only by petty tribes, all of which trace their origin to this great race” (Baikie, William Balfour, published with a sanction of Her Majesty’s Government in 1856).
But with that infamous post-war abandoned property policy and the egregious institutional injustices in boundary adjustments, coupled with the widespread anti-Igbo gerrymandering, Igbos physically and psychologically lost political hold of their vested ancestral lands, all to the point of not caring anymore about their historical contiguity to the Atlantic, which their ancestors beheld and called ‘Oshimiri’ – The Great Sea.
The psychological beat-down and gang-up got so bad and institutional that some of the descendants of these Igbo ancestors (nearest to the Atlantic and now lying outside southeast) are no longer sure whether they are Igbo or not. The worst injustice was in 1976 when the Justice Nasir Boundary Adjustment Commission made a serious and targeted agenda of carving out core Igboland territories into some neighbouring states of the South-South. But they didn’t quite make an absolute success of it.
They missed the southernmost Southeast lands that possess rivers that meandered through slices of Igbo-friendly South-South territories and ended up at the Atlantic, thus unwittingly (and luckily) placing Igboland and its right of access to the sea under the canons and realms of customary international law.
As it stands, international law of the sea guarantees Igboland (whether it remains Nigerian territory or not) unhindered access to the nearest sea (in this case: the Atlantic) peacefully through any of the various short-distance rivers, waterways and tributaries that originated from Igboland but ultimately washed into the Atlantic through contiguous South-South territories.
For avoidance of doubt, there’s particularly the Obuaku confluence in Ukwa West (Abia State) that flows through greater Ikot Abasi in Akwa Ibom State before expanding out and washing into the near-reaches of the Atlantic. And the River Niger which ultimately joined the Atlantic through a vast network of hardly explored creeks and mangrove swamps that abut the Bight of Biafra (officially corrupted to Bight of Bonny, after the war).
Nigeria is subject to the International Law of the Sea and is, therefore, bound to abide by its provisions, should the need arise in a scenario of persistent sovereign oppression of the Igbo as an identifiable (and protected) indigenous group within Nigeria. The others are the United Nations Treaty of the Sea and the African Union Treaties and Conventions on the Sea, including particularly the African Charter on Human and People’s Rights, which Nigeria ratified and domesticated in 1983.
The pertinent provisions are mostly embedded in the copious protections relating to the collective economic and commercial rights of indigenous peoples lying within a Treaty nation. Ndigbo are undoubtedly an indigenous people presently lying within Nigeria.
So, international law will surely come into play should a belligerent or legal conflict arise out of Nigeria’s oppressive institutional resistance to granting a seaport to Igboland – an issue so fundamental and compelling that it bears the fulcrum of what is agitating the Igbo to the point of seeking an alternative to Nigeria.
Published by Family Writers Press International.
Tuesday, 22 June 2021
The Belated Brinksmanship Of South-East Governors And Biafra’s Relentless March To freedom
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N100 Million Bounty Placed On Kanu: Ohaneze Ndigbo, Reno Omokri, Shehu Sani, Fault Northern Groups
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